JLPT N5 · Grammar
Highlighted parts are the fixed pieces of the pattern; the rest changes with the word you attach it to.
## What it means These are small words that say how often or how much something happens: よく (often), だいたい (mostly/about), たくさん (a lot), すこし (a little), あまり (not very/not much), and ぜんぜん (not at all). They usually sit right before the verb they're describing.
## When to use it よく, だいたい, and たくさん work fine in positive sentences: よく映画を見ます ("I watch movies often"). すこし can go either way. But あまり and ぜんぜん must be paired with a negative verb — あまり食べません ("don't eat much"), ぜんぜんわかりません ("don't understand at all"). Using them with a positive verb just doesn't work.
## Don't confuse it with The most common slip is forgetting that ぜんぜん and あまり need a negative ending nearby. Saying ぜんぜん好きです to mean "I really like it" is backwards — ぜんぜん always signals "not at all," so it has to appear with ない, ません, or another negative form.
私はよく映画を見ます。
I watch movies a lot.
朝はだいたい七時に起きます。
I usually get up around seven in the morning.
水をたくさん飲んでください。
Please drink plenty of water.
少し休みましょう。
Let's take a short break.
肉はあまり食べません。
I don't eat much meat.
甘いものはぜんぜん好きじゃありません。
I don't like sweets at all.
きのうはぜんぜん勉強しませんでした。
I didn't study at all yesterday.
母はよく電話をかけてきます。
My mom calls me pretty often.